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    20 June 2021, Volume 21 Issue 03
    Comment
    2021 ASCO in the vision of liver surgeons
    DING Chen-chen, SONG Xing-dong, ZHANG Lei
    2021, 21(03):  265-271.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-976X.2021.03.003
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    The 57th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology(ASCO) was held online as scheduled. The meeting reported on a number of clinical research results and progress related to hepatocellular carcinoma. In this report, we summarize some selected presentations involving surgical-related treatments that may be of interest to liver surgeons, such as neoadjuvant, auxiliary, perioperative, and conversion therapy.
    Characteristics on diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer patients with liver metastasis
    YANG Wen-qian, LIN Wan-yi, GONG Chang
    2021, 21(03):  272-277.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-976X.2021.03.004
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    The incidence of breast cancer is increasing year by year. Compared with other organ metastasis, the prognosis of breast cancer patients with liver metastases is usually poor. At present, there is no guideline for diagnosis and treatment of liver metastasis in breast cancer patients. The purpose of this paper is to provide ideas and suggestions for clinical diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer with liver metastases. Reviewed the clinical features, pathogenesis and therapy ofbreast cancer patients with liver metastases. When liver metastasis occurs, patients usually had no obvious symptoms or signs.It is strongly recommended thatliver metastasis should be pathologically diagnosed by percutaneous liver puncture. With the development of new drugs and therapies for breast cancer, the survival rate of patients with liver metastases has improved significantly, and some patients can also benefit from local treatment. Effective systemic therapy is the key to improve the survival of breast cancer patients with liver metastases. Some selected patients may also benefit from local treatment
    Original Articles and Clinical Research
    A novel plasma membrane proteins-related prognostic model for luminal breast cancer
    ZHU Zhao-wen, JIA Wei-juan, LIU Jie-qiong
    2021, 21(03):  281-286.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-976X.2021.03.006
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    Objective Plasma membrane proteins (PMPs) play an indispensable role in tumor development and progression. Luminal breast cancer is the most common molecular subtype of breast cancer seriously threatening the health of women, which makes it crucial to construct a more accurate prognostic model and find out precise therapeutic targets to improve the prognosis for luminal breast cancer patients. Methods We downloaded conforming transcriptome RNA-sequencing data and their clinical information about luminal breast cancer from TCGA database as a training set. After identifying differentially expressed plasma membrane proteins-related genes, we screened out the prognostic genes for further analysis. And we downloaded relevant data from GEO database and processed them as a validation set. Results A prognostic model was constructed. In this optimal prognostic model, ADRA1B, CD99L2, EZR, IYD, RGS9BP, and SLC16A2 were associated with high risk, while DUS1L, KIT, MS4A1, PI3, and SUSD2 were correlated with low risk. By calculating the risk score and combining respective overall survival time and survival status, we found that the high-risk group had statistically worse prognosis than the low-risk one. Conclusion Eleven optimal genes from PMPs-related prognostic genes to establish and validate a prognostic model for luminal breast cancer was screened out, which may be an effective and useful prognostic model for patients with luminal breast cancer.
    Porous ferroferric oxide targeted delivery of nigericin to induce pyroptosis combined with photothermal therapy for triple-negative breast cancer treatment
    JIANG Wei, PAN Yue, YAO He-rui, HU Hai
    2021, 21(03):  287-293.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-976X.2021.03.007
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    Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of nigericin loaded with porous Fe3O4 nanoparticles combined with photothermal therapy for triple-negative breast cancer. Methods characterize synthesized porous Fe3O4 nanoparticles and loaded with nigericin. The Fe3O4@nigericin nanoparticle with 200 μg/ml was prepared to induce 4T1 pyroptosis. The cell killing ability was detected by CCK8, and the pyroptosis effect was verified by Western blot. Results The synthesized Fe3O4 showed uniform morphology and good photothermal conversion performance. The combination of loading nigericin and photothermal treatment showed stronger cell killing ability (P<0.001) and better pyroptosis effect (P<0.01). Conclusion Porous Fe3O4 nanoparticles loaded with nigericin combining with photothermal therapy can produce very good therapeutic effect for triple-negative breast cancer by inducing pyroptosis, which is a potential new treatment method for triple-negative breast cancer.
    Lidocaine suppresses thyroid cancer cell TPC-1 proliferation via inhibiting activation of ERK signaling pathway
    WU Yi, LIU Fu-ning, YAN Ying-zhe, YANG Hao-jie, XIE Qian
    2021, 21(03):  294-297.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-976X.2021.03.008
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    Objective To investigate the effects of lidocaine on thyroid cancer cell and its mechanism. Methods After treating thyroid cancer cell TPC-1 with 10 μM or 100 μM lidocaine in vitro, the changes of cell proliferation was detected by conducting CCK-8 assay, cell cycle was detected with flow cytometry and cyclin expression was determinged byWestern Blot. In vivo, after subcutaneous xenograft models established in BALB/c nude mice, comparison of the effect of lidocaine on tumor growth was performed between BALB/c nude mice andcontrols. Results After TPC-1 cells treated with 10 μM or 100 μM lidocaine in vitro, CCK-8 assay showed TPC-1 cell proliferation can be suppressed with 100 μM exerting stronger effect than 10 μM. Flow cytometry showed lidocaine-treated cells were attenuated in phase S while accentuated in phase G0/G1. Western blot showed p21 and p27 expressionswere both up-regulated while ERK and p-ERK expressions were both down-regulated in cells treated with lidocaine. Subcutaneous xenograft also showed tumor growth can be suppressed by lidocaine injection in nude mice. Conclusion Lidocaine can suppress proliferation of thyroid cancer cell TPC-1 both in vitro and in vivo. The mechanism could be inhibition of ERK signaling pathway activation.
    Mesoporous silica nanoparticle-loading 5-Fluorouracil for potent antitumor effect against hepatic cancer and breast cancer cells
    SONG Yang, ZHONG Ke-li
    2021, 21(03):  298-301.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-976X.2021.03.009
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    Objective To improve the therapeutic effect of anti-tumor drugs and effectively reduce the toxic side effects. Methods We synthesized mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) loaded with the anti-tumor drug fluorouracil (5-FU) using the sol-gel method to obtain MSN@5-FU drug-loaded nanomaterials. The physical properties of MSN@5FU were characterized, next the drug loading, biocompatibility and drug release of MSN@5-FU were investigated, and finally the in vitro cancer cell killing effect was studied. Results The electron micrographs clearly observed that the synthesized MSN was nanoscale in size, with uniform size and obvious pore size distribution. Meanwhile, the synthesized MSN has a strong ability to load 5-FU. In addition, the drug loading system can exist stably in solution for a long time without toxic side effects on normal cells. Importantly, a large amount of 5-FU can be released in a micro-acidic environment. the results of live-dead cell experiments indicate that the nano-loaded system has good ability to kill cancer cells. Conclusion The MSN@5-FU nanodrug delivery system can play an important role in the treatment of hepatic and breast cancer.
    circZBTB44 promotes the proliferation and migration in clear cell renal cell carcinoma via regulating AKT signaling pathway
    ZHONG Qi-yu, XIE Wen-lian
    2021, 21(03):  302-308.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-976X.2021.03.010
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    Objective To explore the expression of circZBTB44 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and investigate its biological effects and the possible mechanism. Methods Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) were conducted to detect the expression of circZBTB44 in ccRCC tissues and cell lines, 786-O and ACHN. Actinomycin D assay, RNase R assay and RNA Nuclear and Cytoplasmic Extraction assay were applied to identify the characteristics of circZBTB44 in 786-O and ACHN. MTS cell proliferation assay, colony formation assay, Transwell assay were performed to investigate the biological effects of circZBTB44 in 786-O and ACHN cells after silencing circZBTB44. Western blotting analysis were employed to identify the downstream signaling pathways that might be modulated by circZBTB44. Results circZBTB44 was overexpressed in ccRCC tissues and cell lines. Silencing circZBTB44 suppresses the proliferation and migration capability of 786-O and ACHN cells. Downregulating the expression of circZBTB44 could inhibit the phosphorylation of AKT. Conclusion circZBTB44 was overexpressed in ccRCC and promoted the proliferation and migration ability of ccRCC via regulating AKT signaling pathway.
    The expression and clinical significance of ITGAV in colorectal cancer
    ZENG Bing, LI Jin-hong, CAI Can-feng, XIN Hai-yang, ZENG Jun
    2021, 21(03):  309-312.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-976X.2021.03.011
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    Objective To investigate the expression and clinical significance of integrin αv (ITGAV) in colorectal cancer. Methods Immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expression of ITGAV in 91 cases of colorectal cancer tissues and 18 cases of adjacent tissues, and the relationship between the expression of ITGAV and clinicopathological factors was analyzed. The expression of ITGAV mRNA in colorectal cancer and clinical follow up data was download from GEO and TCGA databases, and Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis. Results The expression of ITGAV in colorectal cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in adjacent tissues, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Among 91 cases of colorectal cancer, there were 61 cases in the high expression group of ITGAV and 30 cases in the low expression group. The expression of ITGAV was related to vascular nerve invasion, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis and TNM staging (P<0.05), but not significantly related to gender, age, tumor location and degree of differentiation (P>0.05). Survival analysis showed that the overall survival rate of patients in the high expression group of ITGAV was significantly lower than that in the low expression group (P<0.05). Conclusion High expression of ITGAV is associated with the invasion, metastasis and poor prognosis of colorectal cancer.
    The surgical outcomes of laparoscopic distal gastrectomy plus No. 8p lymphadenectomy
    ZHU Chang, FU Yu-xiang, LIU Xian-ming, XIA Li-gang, LI Fang, ZHANG Shi-pai
    2021, 21(03):  313-316.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-976X.2021.03.012
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    Objective To analyzethe surgical outcomes of laparoscopic distal gastrectomy plus No. 8p lymphadenectomy. Methods 182 patients who underwent laparoscopic distal gastric cancer surgery in our department from July 2019 to March 2021 were selected and randomly divided into No. 8p group (89 cases) and conventional group (93 cases). The differences in operation time, blood loss, number of lymph nodes detected and recent surgical complications between the two groups were compared, and the relationship between the number of lymph nodes detected in No. 8p group and other regions was further analyzed. Results There was no significant difference in operation time, blood loss and recent complications between the two groups (P>0.05), but more operation time and lymph nodes were detected in the dissection group (P<0.05). In the 89 patients in the No. 8p group, only 5 cases (5.6%) had lymph node metastasis. Further analysis of the relationship with the number of lymph nodes detected in other regions showed that there was a significant difference in the number of lymph nodes detected in No.12a groups (P<0.05). Conclusion For laparoscopic distal radical gastrectomy, lymph node dissection in Group No. 8p is safe and feasible, and can improve the quality of lymph node dissection in groups No. 12a.
    Clinical study on the effect of Xuebijing on necrotizing enterocolitis by inhibiting inflammatory mediators
    HAN Bao-yi, ZHANG Yue, YANG Shi-hui, WANG Yun, JIA Jie, HU Zu-rong
    2021, 21(03):  317-320.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-976X.2021.03.013
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    Objective To evaluate whether Xuebijing can effectively reduce the myocardial injury and inflammatory response in children with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), so as to protect the myocardium and inhibit the inflammatory effect and improve the prognosis of children. Methods A total of 80 neonates with gestational age and full term birth weight of 3050~5100 g were selected from our hospital from June 2018 to April 2019 for NEC laparotomy, with 3 to 27 days of age and 5 min Apgar score over 8 points. The enrolled children were divided into two groups:In this study, venous blood samples were collected 1 h before surgery, immediately after surgery, 12 h and 24 h after surgery. In the control group (N group was pumped with normal saline 5 mL/kg, 40 cases), and in the blood sample group (40 cases were given 5 mL/kg of blood pump). Serum levels of IL-17, TNF-α and troponin (cTnI) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) was detected by immunosuppression assay and C-reactive protein (CRP) by turbidity immunoassay. Mean arterial pressure, heart rate, SpO2, dopamine dosage, lactic acid level, length of postoperative hospital stay and 28-day mortality were recorded at each time point. Results There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of general condition and operation time (P<0.05), and there was significant difference in postoperative hospital stay between two groups (P<0.05), there were no significant differences in mean arterial pressure, heart rate, 28-day mortality and SpO2 between two groups (P<0.05);There were statistically significant differences in the amount of dopamine and lactic acid between two groups. The expressions of CRP, IL-17, TNF-α, troponin (cTnI) and BNP in two groups were statistically significant (P<0.001). Conclusion Xuebijing can reduce the expression of IL-17, TNF-α, cTnI and BNP in serum of NEC children, shorten the length of hospital stay, which is speculated to be related to the reduction of inflammatory response and the protection of myocardium.
    Treatment of peritoneal tears during laparoscopic extraperitoneal inguinal hernia repair
    ZHOU Jian-ping, XU Fei, LIANG Wen-feng, TANG Zhi-ping
    2021, 21(03):  321-324.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-976X.2021.03.014
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    Objective To explore the management for peritoneal tears during laparoscopic extraperitoneal inguinal hernia repair (TEP). Methods A retrospective analysis was performed in 141 cases with TEP surgery from January 2015 to January 2020, to analyze the causes of peritoneal rupture during TEP surgery, the size and location, and the management. The operation time, transfer procedure, surgical complications, and hospital stay were compared between patients with and without peritoneal tears during inguinal hernia repair in the same period. Results Among the 141 cases of TEP surgery in this group, 58 cases had intact peritoneum without rupture, 83 cases had peritoneal tears, and 2 cases were transferred to TAPP. The operation time of patients in the peritoneal rupture group was 42.34±13.52 min, and the operation time of patients in the peritoneal tears group was 57.13±18.38 (P<0.01). Postoperative seroma, postoperative umbilical incision redness and swelling, local pain, hospitalization days, surgical complications were no significant statistical differences follow-up 6 to 24 months. The patient has no special discomfort, and resumed normal work and life. Conclusion The peritoneal tears during TEP operation will collapsing preperitoneal space and prolong the anesthesia and operation time. In addition to the patient′s own condition, it is also related to the operator′s operating experience, but does not increase surgical and hospital stay.
    The clinical practice of vacuum assisted system in treating benign breast tumors
    WANG Chuang, ZHOU Xiao-hua, ZENG Xian-cheng, TAN Shuo-guo, LIANG Yong-yi, LIU Jian-ping
    2021, 21(03):  325-328.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-976X.2021.03.015
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    Objective To explore the safety and clinical efficacy of vacuum assisted system in the treatment of benign breast tumors. Methods From January 2017 to January 2020, 200 cases of breast diseasein Guangzhou Zengcheng District People′s Hospital were selected, whose everage age was (39.23±13.02) years. They were assigned to the Mammotome group (115 cases) and the open operation group (85 cases), The operative time, pain, bleeding volume, postoperative hematoma/serum swelling and infection were compared between the two groups. The patients were followed up for 6 months and 1 year after operation. Results The operative time, blood loss, recovery time and postoperative hematoma/serum swelling and infection in the Mammotome group were all lower than those in the open group. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The satisfaction of the mermetone group (99.12%) was higher than that in the open group (84.34%,P<0.05). Follow-up showed that there was no significant difference between the recurrence rate (4.39%) and the open operation group (8.43%, P>0.05%). Conclusion The minimally invasive Mammotome system, compared with traditional surgery, can reduce the operation time, wound healing time, analgesic dosage and complications,which is conducived to the recovery of patients.
    Clinical experience in the treatment of autoimmune pancreatitis
    GAO Zhen-hua, WANG Jun-hong, WAN Yu-ping, SHAO E-ling, WANG Xing-sheng, QIAN Hong-liang, LV Peng-xiang, RAN Ya-zhen
    2021, 21(03):  329-332.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-976X.2021.03.016
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    Objective To explore the regularity of autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) and provide the reference for the clinical practice. Methods From July 2013 to May 2017, we analyzed the result of treated autoimmune pancreatitis in 13 cases in Baiyin First People′s Hospital of Gansu Province. The clinical manifestation, symptom, imaging, laboratory examination, therapeutic effect, and prognosis were summarized. Results Of 13 patients, clinical presentation included cutaneous or sclera icterus in 8 cases (61%), abdominal pain in 7 cases (54%), abdominal distention in cases (38%), anorexia in cases (38%), and weight loss in 4 cases (31%). The CT showed that localized enlargement of the pancreas in 7 cases (54%) and diffuse enlargement of the pancreas in 6 cases (46%). MRCP showed that stenosis of the lower part of the common bile duct and the bile duct dilatation in narrow distal segment in 8 cases, a typical “mouse-tail sign” in 2 cases, primary sclerosing cholangitis in 5 cases, a generalized lymphadenopathy in 4 cases, rheumatoid arthritis in 3 cases, and type 2 diabetes in 4 cases of, 3 cases of whom had a family history of type 2 diabetes. Among 12 patients treated with hormone therapy plus ursodeoxycholic acid, 3 patients obviously improved and healed after retrograde cholangiopancreatography treatment due to severe jaundice. A patient was misdiagnosed as cholangiocarcinoma and made in surgical treatment. The follow-up period was 1-3 years, after discharge. The mean follow-up period was 1.5 years. 2 patients with poor dependency relapse after the onset of medicine for 5 days, 10 days in March and May he onset of medicine for 5 days, 10 days. after a follow-up reexamination, treatment. All 12 cases were healed and 2 patients recurred after treatment for 8 months and 17 months, respectively. One case died after treatment 19 months. The cause of death was pancreatic cancer. In order to achieve better curative effect. Conclusion AIP patients should treate with hormone, ursodeoxycholic acid, and ERCP, combined with comprehensive treatment after discharge from the hospital.
    Anesthesia management of cancer patients complicated with severe coronary stenosis
    YE Xi-jiu, DU Su-juan, ZHANG Xue-rong
    2021, 21(03):  333-336.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-976X.2021.03.017
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    With the aging of China′s population, the number of patients with coronary heart disease complicated with tumor is increasing year by year. Patients with malignant tumor with severe coronary stenosis undergoing scheduled surgery can be performed under close cardiac monitoring if the heart condition is stable, there is no recent recurrent angina pectoris and arrhythmia, and the patients can benefit more from prior oncology surgery than from prior coronary recanalization surgery. It is a great challenge for anesthesiologists to carry out anesthesia on such patients and ensure the life safety of patients during perioperative period. The main points of anesthesia management of five patients with severe coronary stenosis complicated by cancer operation in our hospital from January 2012 to October 2020 are summarized as follows.
    The feasibility study of predicting early hematoma enlargement of hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage based on texture analysis of non-contrast CT images
    JIANG Rui-xin, YE Hao-yi, LIU Zhi-feng, RUAN Yao-qin, SHEN Chen, WU Zhi-hua
    2021, 21(03):  337-340.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-976X.2021.03.018
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    Objective The aim of the study was to explore the feasibility of predicting early hematoma enlargement of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage based on texture analysis of non-contrast CT images. Methods A retrospective analysis of the CT image data of 74 patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage in our hospital, the patients were divided into two groups with (group A) and without(group B)hematoma enlargement. The Omni-Kinetics software was used to extract the texture features of the hematoma region in the first CT images of the two groups patients for comparison, incorporate statistically different parameters into the binary logistics regression analysis, and perform receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) for all statistically significant parameters and the regression model analyze diagnostic performance. Results The differences in texture characteristics of the two groups in std-Deviation, Variance, Entropy, UPP, sumEntropy, Compactness, MaxSize, Sphericity were statistically significant (P<0.05). The prediction model of the binary logistics regression equation was: Logit(P)=-43.929+sumEntropy×81.731+Compactness×-1.300, the area under the ROC curve of Logit(P)was 0.921, when the threshold was 0.694, the sensitivity and specificity were 90.5% and 83.0%. Conclusion Texture analysis based on non-contrast CT images is helpful to predict the early expansion of hematoma in hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage, and the predictive model has the best diagnostic efficiency.
    Influence of residual gadolinium contrast agent on abdominal CT images
    JIANG Wei, WANG Zhi-hui, CHEN Xin-yin, HONG Qing-wen, YUAN Xiao-ping
    2021, 21(03):  341-344.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-976X.2021.03.019
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    Objective To explore the effect of gadolinium contrast agent residue on abdominal CT images and the duration of action, in order to help optimize the imaging examination schedule of patients. Methods First, a set of reasonable and scientifically rigorous screening criteria was established to ensure that the same patient had more than two abdominal CT examinations with and without gadolinium contrast agent residue. Second, by retrospective analysis, 200 cases of upper abdominal CT examination were collected from the RIS system of our hospital, and 135 cases were selected according to the screening criteria. Third, in the same client with gadolinium contrast agent residue abdominal CT image tag for Ⅰ group, as the experimental group; Without gadolinium contrast agent residue of abdominal CT image tag for Ⅱ group, as the control group. Fourth, respectively, in the group of Ⅰ and Ⅱ abdominal CT image sampling survey, the area of liver, spleen, pancreas, kidney has undergone three CT value measure, take the average. Fifth, according to the gadolinium contrast agent residual time T on subdividing Ⅰ group and divided into group A (1 h,84 cases), group B (2 h,36 cases), group C(3 h,13 case) and group D (4 h,2 cases). Sixth, Paired sample T test analysis Ⅰ and Ⅱ group of the areas of liver, spleen, pancreas, kidney difference between the CT value; One-way ANOVA and rank-sum tests were used to analyze the relationship between CT value and time T in the areas of liver, spleen, pancreas and kidney in group A, B, C and D. Results Ⅰ and Ⅱ group in the areas of liver, spleen, left renal medulla and left renal pelvis, right kidney medulla, right renal pelvis that there was a significant difference between CT value and Ⅰ group and Ⅱ pancreatic area there was no significant difference between CT value;In Ⅰ group. There was no relationship among group A, B, C and D in duration T. Conclusion Residual gadolinium contrast agent for abdomen CT values have a significant effect on most organs, have no obvious attenuation in 4 hours, especially in the kidney area (renal medulla, renal pelvis) of CT value was significantly increased, and the residue of gadolinium contrast medium are displayed the high-density shadow in CT image, directly affect the observation of the lesions, and even result in missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis. Therefore, abdominal CT examination within 4 hours after MR enhancement is not recommended, so as not to affect the evaluation and diagnosis of the patient′s condition by clinicians and radiologists.
    Therapeutic effect of balloon dilation combined with double D-J stentsin on the benign ureteral stricture
    ZHANG Yu-zhou, ZHANG Jun-xin, XU Yu-yu, CHEN Shuang-xing, XU Gui-bin
    2021, 21(03):  345-348.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-976X.2021.03.020
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    Objective To investigate the efficacy of double D-J stents combined with balloon dilatation in the treatment of benign ureteral stricture, and to analyze its safety and effectiveness. Methods A retrospective analysis of 12 patients with benign ureteral stricture perioperative period and follow-up related data. All patients were diagnosed with benign ureteral stricture, and the affected ureter received balloon dilation. Two 4.8F ureteral stents were placed with the indwelling time of 3 months. After the stents were removed, the ureteral stricture was evaluated by ureteroscopy. At 1st, 3rd, and 6th month after stents removed, the ultrasound was used to assess the degree of hydronephrosis. Results Eight were male and 4 were female of the 12 patients, with an average age of 36.3±10.9 years. There were 7 cases of left ureteral stricture and 5 cases of right ureteral stricture. There were 3 cases of upper ureteral stricture, 7 cases of middle ureteral stricture and 2 cases of lower ureteral stricture. The average length of the ureteral stricture was 1.19±0.47 cm. All the stents of twelve patients were removed 3 months after stents insertion. No obvious stricture was observed by urterscopy. All patients showed no increase in hydronephrosis in the first month after the removal of the stents. One patient developed mild hypertrophy in the third month after removal of the stents. In 2 patients, the hydronephrosis was slightly aggravated at the 6th month after removal of the endodontic tube. In the first case, the recurrent hydronephrosis was increased by 0.8 cm compared with the first month. The second and third patients (new case) had an increase in hydronephrosis of 0.3/0.4 cm compared with the third month. Conclusion For benign ureteral stricture, double “D-J” tube placement can make drainage more patency, and can effectively prevent recurrence after ureteral stricture.
    Diagnosis and treatment of undifferentiated sarcoma of the liver in adults: a case report and the literature review
    LI Hao-quan, YE Zhen-wei, CHEN Shi-xing, JIANG Jing-zhu, WANG Zai-guo
    2021, 21(03):  349-351.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-976X.2021.03.021
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    Undifferentiated sarcomas of the liver in adults USL is very rare. Its pathogenesis is not clear and its clinical features are not typical, mainly with abdominal mass and pain as the common symptoms. The result of CT and MRI are characterized by multiple small cystic solid masses. In this paper, the diagnosis and treatment process of a 55-year-old man with primary undifferentiated sarcoma of the liver, and the clinical and pathological characteristics of USL and comprehensive treatment methods such as ablation and hepatectomy were reviewed。
    Comparison of learning effects of diagnosis and treatment measures between high-fidelity and low-fidelity simulators in perioperative anaphylaxis simulation training
    WU Jia-yan, LIU Tang-hong, LIU Jian, WU Lun
    2021, 21(03):  352-356.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-976X.2021.03.022
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    Objective To compare the learning effects of high-fidelity and low-fidelity simulatorson perioperative anaphylaxis simulation training. Methods Thirty anesthesiology residents who had never experienced the simulation exercise before were divided into two groups: high-fidelity group (Group HN) and low-fidelity group (Group LN) with 15 persons in each group. The participants acted as the chief anesthesiologist and team leader in the case, the rest of the roles were played by the staff.The instructor was the same one. Two weeks before the training, participants need to complete the video theoretical study of “perioperative allergic reaction” and “elements of teamwork” and score 70 points before they can be enrolled in the group. All the training cases were allergic reactions, and the scenario was completely consistent, with a total of 3 drills, and debriefing immediately after the end of each case. The instructor used the allergic reaction case drill score table to score the performance of the third case exercise. Results there was no significant difference in the score of allergic reaction rehearsal scale between Group HN and Group LN (P>0.05). Conclusion the training of perioperative allergic reaction simulation in high-fidelity simulator and low-fidelity simulator can achieve similar learning effect of diagnosis and treatment measures, and the application of low-fidelity simulator can reduce the cost of simulation training. It is helpful to popularize the situational simulation training of crisis events in operating room.
    Review
    Progress of central venous catheterization via peripheral venipuncture and complications
    WU Bei-bei
    2021, 21(03):  359-366.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-976X.2021.03.024
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    Peripherally inserted central catheter(PICC) has become a mature technology and played important roles in long-term infusion, chemotherapy, and emergency treatment for cancer patients. Even though, the materials and types of the catheter and indwelling method for PICC were constantly improved, catheter-related complicationssuch as infection and deep vein thrombosis cannot be avoided.These are not only related to the experience level of the operator and catheter care staff, but also related to the patient′s own immunity and underlying diseases.Therefore, the catheter placement process, catheter location, catheter care, and indwelling time and patient satisfaction are all aspects that practitioners pay attention to. This article aims to review the progress of PICC application, comparison with intravenous port (Port), and complications.
    Research progress of IPACK combined with adductor canal blockon analgesia in knee joint surgery
    ZENG Jian, YANG Xiong-tiao, PENG Xiao-min, LIU Xian-bao
    2021, 21(03):  367-372.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-976X.2021.03.025
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    The commonly used analgesic methods after knee surgery include:patient-controlled epidural analgesia, patient-controlled intravenous analgesia, local infiltration analgesia, peripheral nerve block, multimode analgesia, and so on. Among these multimodal analgesia are widely used. With the continuous development of medical technology, the ultrasound-guided peripheral nerve block technique has the advantages of simple operation, accurate analgesic effect and less adverse reactions, and is more and more widely used in clinical practice. In recent years, there have been increasing studies on the use of ultrasonic guided Interspace between the Popliteal Artery and the posterior Capsule of the Knee(IPACK) combined with Adductor Canal Block (ACB) for postoperative analgesia of knee joint surgery,and anesthesiologists have little understanding of the application and progress of this technology. This article reviews the operation and application of IPACK combined with adductor duct block for postoperative knee analgesia from the understanding of knee nerve anatomy.
    Risk management of skin pressure injury related to posterior spinal approach surgery
    ZHAO Hai-xuan, QIU Yi-hong, YANG Peng
    2021, 21(03):  373-376.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-976X.2021.03.026
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    Objective To investigate the effect of risk management in the prevention of pressure injury during the operation of the posterior spine approach. Methods 117 patients who underwent posterior spinal approachsurgery from April 2019 to March 2020 were selected. The management to prevent pressure injury during the operation was to adopt the newly created nursing model based on the evidence-based risk management in this operating room. A risk management team was established and focused on the risk points of pressure injury during posterior spinal surgery by formulating personnel homogenization training mechanisms, standard posture placement procedures, detailed management during placement. The effects of the new model of care were observed and recorded the occurrence of stress injuries. In addition, this study investigated the occurrence of pressure injuries in patients undergoing posterior spinal approach surgery from March 2018 to March 2019 who did not implement the new care model (conventional care group), and compared the differences between the two types of patients. Results Injuries occurred in 6 of the 88 patients in conventional care group (9 locations, the incidence rate was 6.82%), while none of the 117 patients in the new care model occurred. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (χ2=8.2178, P=0.0041). The new nursing model did not affect the operating room time and reduce nursing compliance, and the overall satisfaction of doctors was higher than that of the conventional model (χ2=7.44, P=0.0064). Conclusion The implementation of an evidence-based nursing program can enable nurses to receive homogenized training, and various risk management measures can provide patients with delicate nursing services, thereby effectively reducing the incidence of intraoperative pressure injuries in patients undergoing spine surgery