Abstract: Objective To report a case of respiratory cardiac arrest resulted from emphysematous pyelonephritis and review of literature. Methods The data of a case of respiratory cardiac arrest resulted from emphysematous pyelonephritis was retrospectively analyzed and the literature is reviewed. Results The patient with severe renal parenchymal infection was proposed to receive nephrectomy, but respiratory cardiac arrest occurred and died. Conclusion Nephrectomy is advised in case of severe emphysematous pyelonephritis. Imbalanced electrolyte and toxin absorption can lead to respiratory cardiac arrest. Intensive care is needed for prevention.

Key words: Emphysematous pyelonephritis, Septic shock, Review

摘要： 目的 报告气肿性肾盂肾炎致突发呼吸心跳骤停1例及进行文献回顾总结。方法 报告1例气肿性肾盂肾炎导致突发呼吸心跳骤停患者的临床资料并总结既往文献报道。结果 本例患者由于延误就诊，病情危重，拟急诊行患肾切除术，在进入手术室后发生呼吸心跳骤停，抢救无效而死亡。结论 气肿性肾盂肾炎广泛气肿破坏肾实质需行肾切除术，延误治疗可导致突发呼吸心跳骤停，需密切监护及预防。

关键词: 气肿性肾盂肾炎, 脓毒性休克, 综述