Abstract: Biliary tract cancer has insidious onset and rapid development thus most patients have lost the opportunity of surgery when they are found, so the prognosis is poorer. Conversion therapy can achieve the goal of making the tumor shrink or reduce its stage, so that patients have conditions for surgery and complete radical resection. Due to the occurrence and development of biliary tract cancer with great heterogeneity is the result of multiple elements and paths, combination therapy is becoming the main direction to improve the success rate of translational therapy and the prognosis currently. With the deepening understanding of the pathogenesis and development of biliary tract cancer, individualized and precise combination therapy will become the main direction of conversion therapy in the future.

Key words: biliary tract cancer（BTC）, conversion therapy, combination therapy, heterogeneity, individualization

摘要： 胆道恶性肿瘤起病隐匿、发展迅速,大多患者在发现时已丧失手术机会,预后较差,转化治疗可以达到使患者肿瘤缩小或降期而具备手术条件并完成根治性切除的目的。由于胆道恶性肿瘤极具异质性的特点,其发生发展过程是多因素多途径的结果,因此联合治疗是提升转化治疗成功率、改善预后的主要方向,随着对胆道恶性肿瘤发生发展机制认识的逐渐深入,个体化、精准化联合治疗将成为未来转化治疗的主要方向。

关键词: 胆道恶性肿瘤, 转化治疗, 联合治疗, 异质性, 个体化