Abstract: ［Abstract］ Objective To investigate the effects of different body positions on vital signs，pain，drainage，pressure sores in patients with gynecologic tumors during abdominal surgery for general anesthesia within 6 hours after general anesthesia. Methods 300 patients with gynecologic tumors who underwent general anesthesia were divided into control group and observation group，150 cases in each group. The patients in control group were placed with a postoperation posture of lying in horizontal position without pillow for 6 hours，and those in observation group were with step-by-step semi-recumbent position in 6 hours after operation. The heart rate，respiration，vomiting，dizziness，shoulder and back pain，pressure sores，irritability，and patency of the drainage were observed，recorded and compared between two groups. Results There were no significant differences in the incidence of heart rate，blood pressure，vomiting，dizziness and headache between the observation group and the control group（all P values >0.05）. There were statistically significant differences in the incidence of shortness of breath，irritability，patency of the drainage，neck and shoulder，and low back pain between the two groups（all P values <0.05）. Conclusion Gynecologic tumors patients undergoing general anesthesia and placing a position of step-by-step semi-recumbent position in 6 hours after operation have lower incidence of postoperative adverse reactions，which helps improve nursing care quality.

Key words: gynecologic tumors, surgery, general anesthesia, nursing care, early position

摘要： ［摘要］ 目的 探讨妇科肿瘤患者腹部手术全麻术后早期回病房6 h 内不同体位对患者生命体征、疼痛、引流量、压疮等的影响。方法 选择妇科肿瘤腹部手术全麻术后清醒的患者300 例，分为对照组和试验组，每组 150 例。试验组采用有枕平卧、循序渐进式半卧位，体位循序渐进改变6 小时，对照组采用传统体位，去枕平卧头偏一侧位6 小时。监测两组心率、呼吸、呕吐、头晕、肩背痛、压疮、烦躁、引流量畅通度等不同之处，并进行比较。结果 试验组与对照组在心率、血压、呕吐、头晕、头痛的发生率差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），在呼吸急促、烦躁、引流量畅通度、压疮、颈肩、腰背痛的发生率差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 妇科肿瘤腹部手术全麻术后患者在清醒的前提下，回病房6 h 内有枕平卧，采用循序渐进式半卧位较去枕平卧位能减轻患者术后不适，有助于提高护理质量。

关键词: 手术, 全身麻醉, 妇科肿瘤, 早期体位, 护理