Abstract: The pathogenesis of dilated cardiomyopathy（DCM）appears as progressive left ventricular or double ventricular fibrosis enlargement with ventricular systolic dysfunction. The dilated cardiomyopathy is a major cause of heart failure in patients and also a common indications of heart transplantation. New idea indicates that stem cell therapy for DCM has a significant curative effect and is expected to reverse the ventricular structure and improve heart function in patients with end- stage heart failure. Based on recent clinical studies，this paper will make a review from stem cell type，stem cell transplantation and its clinical curative effect，and focus on the clinical application of safety and efficacy of stem cell therapy for DCM，and further clarifies its clinical prospect.

Key words: safety, dilated cardiomyopathy, efficacy, stem cell transplantation

摘要： 扩张型心肌病（DCM）的发病呈现为进行性左心室或双心室纤维化扩大伴心室收缩功能障碍，是引起患者心力衰竭的重要原因，也是心脏移植的常见指征。新近的观点认为干细胞治疗对DCM具有显著疗效，有望逆转终末期心衰患者的心室结构，改善心功能。本文基于新近的临床研究，将从干细胞类型、治疗方案以及临床疗效等方面做一综述。着重探讨干细胞治疗对DCM的临床应用的安全性和有效性，进一步展望其临床前景。

关键词: 扩张型心肌病, 干细胞治疗, 有效性 , 安全性