Abstract: ［Abstract］ Bone strength is not only related to bone mineral density （BMD） and bone microarchitecture but also affected by the bone marrow microenvironment. Marrow adipose tissue （MAT） coexists with trabecular bonehematopoietic cells， nerve fibers and blood vessels in the medullary cavity， which plays an important role in bone remodeling， bone marrow hematopoiesis， and maintaining the stability of the bone marrow microenvironment. Recent studies have shown that MAT can participate in the development of various diseases such as metabolic diseases， hematological cancers and solid tumors by secreting cytokines such as adiponectin， providing new ideas for disease prevention， treatment and monitoring. Herein we review the biological characteristics and imaging methods of MAT， the correlation between MAT and disease and underlying mechanism.

Key words: cytokine, metabolic diseases, marrow adipose tissue, magnetic resonance imaging

摘要： ［摘要］ 骨强度不仅与骨密度（BMD）、骨微结构相关，还受骨髓微环境的影响。骨髓脂肪组织（MAT）与骨小梁、造血细胞、神经血管组织共同存在于骨髓腔中，对骨重建、骨髓造血、维持骨髓微环境的稳定起重要作用。近年研究表明，MAT可通过分泌脂联素等细胞因子参与介导代谢性疾病、血液系统肿瘤、癌症等疾病的发生发展，为疾病预防、治疗及监测提供了新的思路。本文拟对MAT生物学特性、影像学测量方法、MAT与疾病相关性及可能的作用机制予以综述。

关键词: 骨髓脂肪组织, 代谢性疾病, 细胞因子, 磁共振成像