Abstract: 【Abstract】〓Objective〓To investigate the effectivity and strategy of preoperative antibiotic use in treatment of staghorn calculi by percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). Methods〓Ninety-six patents who suffered from kidney staghorn calculi with no urinary tract infection were selected PCNL procedure. The patients were divided into two groups, Group A(n=49), preventive antibiotics administrated 1 hour before the operation, Group B (n=47), received cephalosporin treatment for 3 days before the operation. The incidence of bacteriuria and fever after the operation were compared. Results〓The surgical procedure of PCNL was completed in allpatients. The incidence of bacteriuria was 18.4%, fever 26.5% in group A, while the incidence of bacteriuria was 4.3%, postoperative fever 10.6% in group B. The incidence of bacteriuria and fever after the operation were lower in patients treated with cephalosporin 3 days before the operation than the patients with preventive treatment (P<0.05). Conclusion〓The management of preoperative antibiotics treatment for 3 days in the patient with kidney staghorn calculi but no clinical and laboratory infection evidence efficiently reduced the incidence of postoperative bacteriuria and fever after PCNL.

Key words: Treatment, Kidney stone, Percutaneous nephrolithotomy, Staghorn calculi

摘要： 【摘要】 目的 探讨经皮肾镜取石术(PCNL)治疗鹿角形结石术前抗生素的使用,预防术后感染。方法〓选择96例无合并泌尿系感染的鹿角形肾结石拟行PCNL术的患者,分成两组,预防性用药组术前1小时给予抗生素,治疗性用药组术前予以头孢菌素治疗3天,对比术后菌尿、发热的发生率。结果〓预防性用药组49例,术后菌尿发生率18.4%,术后发热发生率26.5%;治疗性用药组47例,术后菌尿发生率4.3%,术后发热发生率10.6%,均低于预防性用药组(P<0.05)。结论〓对于无临床及实验室感染证据的鹿角形结石患者行PCNL术前应用抗生素3天,可有效降低术后菌尿及发热的发生率。

关键词: 肾结石, 鹿角形结石, 经皮肾镜取石术, 治疗