关键词: 神经外科, 医院获得性感染, 病原菌, 耐药性

Abstract: Objective By reviewing the pathogenic bacteria results of hospital-acquired infections from inpatients in our neurosurgery department, we analyzed their distribution characteristics and drug resistance in order to provide more supportive ideas for clinical infection prevention, diagnosis and treatments. Methods The pathogenic bacteria of 738 hospital-acquired infections from 639 inpatients in neurosurgery department from June, 2016 to June, 2019 were collected. We used statistical methods to analyze the characteristics and drug resistance of these pathogens. Results There were 738 hospital-acquired infectious cases, including hospital-acquired pneumonia （377 cases）, urinary system infections （130 cases）, bloodstream infections （109 cases）, central nervous system infections （106 cases）, and other infections （16 cases）. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus aureus are the main pathogens. In the clinical use of important antibacterial drugs, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae showed high rates of drug resistance to ceftriaxone （62.1% and 56.25%）. And their resistance rates to imipenem were 2.01% and 16.4% respectively. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was below 30%. Acinetobacter baumannii was beyond 50% （except for minocycline）. Staphylococcus aureus was 61.29%, and Coagulase-negative Staphylococci was 79.23%. Staphylococcus was not found to be resistant to vancomycin, linezolid and tigecycline. The resistance rate of Candida was below 10%. Conclusion Hospital-acquired infections of inpatients in neurosurgery department are mainly Gram-negative bacteria and Staphylococcus, and we also found the drug resistance is extremely serious. In clinical daily diagnosis and treatments, we suggest antibiotics be used rationally according to the characteristics of pathogens and the drug resistance situations monitoring in this hospital.

Key words: neurosurgery, hospital acquired infection, pathogen, drug resistance